One technique that has been employed in the past is to use limit switches and a hall-effect sensor to detect both the end limits of the tank as well as count the number of turns the motor or drive nut makes. There are a couple of ways to add precision to the ballast tank. 【PowerUP Asia 2023】GaN is Pushing the Boundaries of Power Density and Efficiencyīasic piston tank with no control elements (Source: Adam Carlson) Once again, this is not the only method of controlling ballast, but it is the most effective way for small boats to have the combination of a compact package and precision control. For the particular boat that I am currently building, the piston travels under 1.5" (~38mm). This is effectively a syringe that is equipped with a motor that moves the plunger in and out. While there are many methods to control ballast in a radio-controlled submarine, I have chosen what is referred to as a piston tank. This allows the boat to be controlled in depth, even when the hydrodynamic surfaces are no longer able to do so. Similarly, if we were to expel some of that water from the boat, it would begin to accelerate towards the surface. If we were to take on even more water, the boat would begin to accelerate in the downward direction. General diagram of submarine with internal ballast tank and movable control surfaces (Source: Adam Carlson) While the boat is moving, the hydrodynamic control surfaces allow the boat to change depths as desired, but if the boat gets too slow, these surfaces become ineffective as they no longer generate sufficient force. It only means that there is no buoyancy force to cause the boat to return the surface, and that other forces are now able to act upon the boat. This does not mean, however, that by adding a certain amount of water that you will achieve a specific depth (if only it were that easy). Once an average mass is achieved, the sub is akin to being a giant water molecule. A submarine, large or small, takes in water to make its average mass the same as the water around it. Let's start with a brief tutorial on how submarines work.
RC SUBMARINE MINES HOW TO
In particular, I will be discussing the ballast system and how to measure how much water is being displaced. In this column, I just wanted to go through one element of the overall system design for these particular devices. In fact, it was this hobby that got me started in electronics on the first place (I'm an aerospace engineer by trade), but that's a story for another day. I have this odd hobby involving radio-controlled submarines. There are various sensors and techniques for precisely controlling the depth of an RC submarine using a ballast tank.
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